PPPģʽPublicPrivatePartnershipĸsָc˽˽M֮gṩijNƷͷ(w)S(qun)f(xi)hA(ch)˴֮gγһNʽĺP(gun)ϵͨ^ͬ_pę(qun)x(w)Դ_ɣKʹ_(d)A(y)چΪЄӸĽY(ji)
˽ϠIģʽPPPcȫ^̽(jng)Icܵ(ni)VP(gun)עPPPģʽ؟(z)S(jng)I(qun)ʽD(zhun)ƽowI(y)cw湲L(fng)U(dn)ȫ̺ĹͬwP(gun)ϵؔؓ(f)(dn)ppwͶYL(fng)UpСPPPģʽ^mڹ^(qing)ďU̎еijһh(hun)(ji)кU̎ķٟ̎c̎íh(hun)(ji)@NģʽҪxĿͿ]cʽc̶ȣ@ֵ̽ӑ_Ć}
ֹ201511µףҰl(f)չĸί_ƽĵһ1043PPPĿѺsĿ_(d)329ռƽĿ(sh)ı31.5%PPPģʽҲQPPPYPPP
PPPģʽ
PPPģʽ(4)
SĿYİl(f)չһ~PPP(Public-Private Partnership˽ϻϠIַQ˽f(xi))_ʼF(xin)ԽԽeښWԓ~Ӣ1982ָc˽I̺ӆLڅf(xi)hڙ(qun)˽I̴O(sh)\IA(ch)O(sh)ʩṩ(w)ĔMPPPĸNxһCՓՓA(ch)
Mxx
ĸ͇HMPPPPPPЏVxͪMx֮VxPPPָTc˽˲Tṩa(chn)Ʒ(w)ĸNP(gun)ϵMxPPPһϵĿYģʽĿQBOTTOTDBFOȶNģʽMxPPPӏ(qing){(dio)^еL(fng)U֓(dn)C(j)ƺĿĺֵ(ValueForMoney)ԭt
Vxx
PPPӢ"Public-Private Partnership"ĺֱg顰˽ϻơָ֮Tͨ^c˽˲TP(gun)ϵṩa(chn)Ʒ(w)һNʽmȻ˽˲Tcṩa(chn)Ʒ(w)кLvʷPPPg(sh)ZijF(xin)^ǽʮڴ֮ǰ˂Vʹõg(sh)ZConcessionBOTPFIPPPһxdzĸ֮RΑB(ti)IJͬҪʹPPPĴ_Ѓ(ni)_(d)ɹRǷdzyW(xu)NorbertPortzJ(rn)"ԇDȥY(ji)PPPʲôߑ(yng)ԓʲô]κx]й̶ĶxҲyȥC@xģӢĆ~ԴPPPĴ_кxҪ(j)ͬİ_
RΑB(ti)ͬ̎PPPl(f)չIJͬAΣ(do)¸ʹõg(sh)ZMͬߌͬһg(sh)ZⲻMһ@ͽoPPPķܴ韩ĹP߲醵YρHMPPPķʮN֮ࡣ
PPPĸNģʽ京x
VxPPPԷ֞S(jng)I˽лУ
PPPĿһͶY˽˲TаĿеһ헻ֻؓ(f)؟(z)̽O(sh)֮дSo(h)O(sh)ʩṩֹ(w)ͨ^MF(xin)档PPPĿ˽˲TГ(dn)L(fng)U^С
S(jng)I
ĿҪ˽˅cֻȫͶYͨ^һĺC(j)cT֓(dn)ĿL(fng)UĿ(j)ĿČHrTܕS(jng)I˾ȡһS(jng)IMoһa(b)@ҪTf(xi){(dio)˽˲TĿĹԃ֮gƽP(gun)ϵS(jng)IĿܷɹں̶ܴȡQP(gun)TĹˮƽͨ^ЧıO(jin)ܙC(j)ƣS(jng)IĿְܳl(f)]pԵă(yu)(ji)sĿĽO(sh)ͽ(jng)Iɱͬr߀߹(w)|(zh)ĿYa(chn)KwTһʹÙ(qun)Й(qun)ƽ^ͬY(ji)Ҫ˽˲TĿʹÙ(qun)Й(qun)ƽoT
˽л
PPPĿtҪ˽˲Tؓ(f)؟(z)ĿȫͶYıO(jin)ͨ^ÑMջͶYF(xin)˽лPPPĿЙ(qun)Úw˽˓Ҳ߂ԣ˽˲T@PPPĿгГ(dn)L(fng)U
\Iʽ
ڰl(f)_(d)ңPPPđ(yng)÷VȿڻA(ch)O(sh)ʩͶYO(sh)(ˮS늏S)ҲںܶӯO(sh)ʩĽO(sh)(O(jin)zW(xu)У)ڜ(zhn)ͨ^И(bio)ʽO(sh)W\^҂J(rn)PPPһNOõķʽW\^yƽYҪm(dng)?sh)ķʽM(jn)ͶʹĿ̘I(y)\ͬӣ(zhn)Ҏ(gu)ģO(sh)F·PPPͬЧķʽ
Ҫ(yu)c
ڌЈC(j)M(jn)˻A(ch)O(sh)ʩͶYглA(ch)O(sh)ʩĿǿ̘I(y)(yng)ԓf(sh)A(ch)O(sh)ʩDz̘I(y)ġJ(rn)ͨ^ЈC(j)\A(ch)O(sh)ʩĿȫ˳ͶYI(lng)ڻA(ch)O(sh)ʩЈ^ò^m(x)A(ch)O(sh)ʩͶһY𡣌fPPPĿеͶҪСڂy(tng)ʽͶ֮gIJֵPPPʽ
1Mõij֧T˽I(y)ڳʼA˽I(y)cͬcĿReоO(sh)ʩYĿO(sh)^,CĿڼg(sh)ͽ(jng)(j)ϵĿsǰڹ,ʹĿMýPPPģʽֻЮ(dng)Ŀѽ(jng)ɲõ(zhn)ʹú˽IT_ʼ@,PPPģʽЧʺͽr,܉Ŀ깤L(fng)UYL(fng)Uоcy(tng)YģʽPPPĿƽT(ji)s17%MҽO(sh)ڶܰr
2D(zhun)Qܣppؔؓ(f)(dn)ԏķص(w)Ó^ȥĻA(ch)O(sh)ʩ(w)ṩ׃һO(jin)ܵĽɫĶC|(zh)ҲؔA(y)㷽pp
3M(jn)ͶYwĶԪ˽ITṩYa(chn)ͷ(w)ܞTṩYͼ,M(jn)ͶYwƸĸͬr,˽ITcĿ߀ƄĿO(sh)ӋʩO(sh)ʩ^̵ȷĸ,kЧ,ѹͽ(jng)
4TgTȡLa(b)̣l(f)]C(j)(gu)IC(j)(gu)Եă(yu)a(b)ϵIJ㡣pγɻLĿ(bio)Чijɱ鹫ṩ|(zh)ķ(w)
5ʹĿcϽMɑ(zhn)(lin),f(xi){(dio)ͬĿ(bio)P(gun)Iá
6L(fng)UcBOTģʽͬ,PPPĿھͿԌF(xin)L(fng)U,ͬr֓(dn)һL(fng)U,ʹL(fng)U,p˳нcͶYL(fng)U,ĶYy,ĿYɹĿڷ֓(dn)L(fng)UͬrҲһĿƙ(qun)
7(yng)÷Vԓģʽͻ˽I(y)cA(ch)O(sh)ʩĿMC(j)(gu)ĶNmڳйȸI(y)·F·C(j)t(y)ԺW(xu)Уȡ
x
W(xu)PeterF.Drucker(jng)ָ挦һĴ_ҲL^(q)M(jn)֪R(jng)(j)rYԴļȡc䑪(yng)ԓԸЧʵķʽM(jn)ؓ(f)؟(z)ƶcҎ(gu)߈(zh)䌍g^(q)˽IT@ӲHԜppLԁؔؓ(f)(dn)ֿɌ^(q)빫(w)M(jn)̮(dng)ԏ(qing)RcJ(rn)ͬУͬrYԴʹЧܺͽO(sh)\IЧʡڬF(xin)İl(f)չM(jn)PPPоЬF(xin)eOx
Ҫl
֧
T֧PPPģʽйIpĽɫ؟(z)ΕSĿIJͬĿwɫ؟(z)--ṩ(yu)|(zh)ĹO(sh)ʩͷ(w)--sʼK׃PPPģʽṩO(sh)ʩ(w)һN^ЧķʽnjЧ͛Qߵκr£(yng)ıo(h)ʹM(jn)l(f)ؓ(f)؟(z)ĿĿw߄MИ(bio)호cC(j)(gu)֮gę(qun)P(gun)ϵĿwL(fng)U
20151020Ұl(f)չĸίȫ(lin)ڱeY(PPP)ĿƽҕԒh,Kաɽ|Fݵ߂ʡڕƳͶYs9400|Ԫ287Ŀ,漰·܉ͨC(j)ˮԴȶI(lng)
Ұl(f)չĸίΏڕf,ƏVʩPPPģʽͶYwƸĸl(f)gͶY߹a(chn)Ʒͷ(w)oЧʡU(ku)ЧͶYȾҪx(dng)ǰ,뵽ط,I(y),ƏVʩPPPģʽğܸ,ȡ˷eOM(jn)չ
cͬr,gYącȻҷ,gYȻIJԸ(qing)Ȇ},ͬrڌ߲˽,߀ڷɢͶYoȆ}^ӯA(y)ڵĿgY_,{(dio)gYeO[2]
ȫ
ȫķɷҎ(gu)ƶPPPĿ\ҪڷɌTcI(y)TĿҪГ(dn)؟(z)Ρx(w)L(fng)UM(jn)_綨o(h)p档PPPģʽĿO(sh)ӋY\I;So(h)ȸAζԲɼ{Iͨ^ƵķɷҎ(gu)cpM(jn)ЧsȰl(f)](yu)ݺ͏a(b)C
201561գ҇A(ch)O(sh)ʩI(y)S(jng)Ikʽʩԓk_Դͨˮh(hun)ȻA(ch)O(sh)ʩI(y)I(lng)_չS(jng)I(ni)ⷨ˻Mͨ^_һͷ(ni)cͶYO(sh)\IA(ch)O(sh)ʩI(y)@A(ch)O(sh)ʩI(y)S(jng)Ik_YɅcS(jng)I(qun)ƶԄ(chung)I(y)ĬJ(rn)顰PPP
I(y)˲
I(y)C(j)(gu)˲ŵ֧֡PPPģʽ\VĿS(jng)I(qun)ķʽM(jn)нY(ji)(gu)Y@Ҫ^(f)sķɡںؔ(w)ȷ֪RһҪƶcƶҎ(gu)(bio)(zhn)PPPĿ\ṩg(sh)ָ(do)P(gun)֧֣һҪI(y)нC(j)(gu)ṩwI(y)ķ(w)
l(f)չʽ
PPPģʽĵͽY(ji)(gu)飺Tطͨ^ُʽcИ(bio)λMɵĿĹ˾Sͬ(ĿĹ˾һИ(bio)Ľ˾(w)(jng)I˾?q)ĿM(jn)ͶYĵMɵĹɷ˾)ĿĹ˾ؓ(f)؟(z)IYO(sh)(jng)IͨcṩJĽڙC(j)(gu)_(d)һֱӅf(xi)h@f(xi)hnjĿM(jn)Г(dn)ąf(xi)hһJC(j)(gu)ZcĿĹ˾ĺ֧ͬP(gun)Mõąf(xi)@f(xi)hʹĿĹ˾ܱ^ث@ýڙC(j)(gu)J@NYʽČ|(zh)ǣͨ^o˽I˾LڵS(jng)I(qun)(qun)QȡA(ch)O(sh)ʩӿ콨O(sh)Ч\I
F(xin)(yng)þ
PPPģʽڸN̏V(yng)PPPģʽѽ(jng)õձđ(yng)1992Ӣ瑪(yng)PPPģʽӢ75%J(rn)PPPģʽµĹ_(d)ͳ^rc|(zh)P(gun)ϵҪɹ(ji)ʡ17%Y80%ĹĿҎ(gu)ɣҎ(gu)И(bio)Ŀɵֻ30%20%δɵӕrgL]г^4ͬr80%Ĺ̺YA(y)֮(ni)һy(tng)И(bio)ʽֻ_(d)25%20%^A(y){(dio)̷ӢĽ(jng)mPPPģʽĹ̰ͨ·F·C(j)ۿڣl(wi)t(y)ԺȫO(jin)zW(xu)УӮa(chn)LJҞƽA(ch)O(sh)ʩͶYI(y)Ƶı1994M(jn)PPPģʽY(ji)˻A(ch)O(sh)ʩF(xin)̶@óYͶYl(f)չӋ36ĿͶY~60|ԪУ24ͨI(lng)9C(j)2O(jin)z1ˮͶYҎ(gu)ģģʽʩǰ3|Ԫӵ17|Ԫ1997ꆢPPPģʽȑ(yng)ڹ·W(wng)ĽO(sh)ϡ200610g·̱ԭһ·ڌʩĹ߀t(y)ԺĽO(sh)\IF·ͳеF200412ͨ^˽ϠIPPPģʽԓҹT(zh)PPPģʽµĹͶ(bio)ͺӆ̺ͬwҎ(gu)(j)ӋQѽ(jng)2004꣭2007l(f)չҎ(gu)е23헹·F·ۿںȹ̌PPPģʽИ(bio)ĿͶY130.67|ׁ
M(jn)ЇA(ch)O(sh)ʩO(sh)ĿIЇA(ch)O(sh)ʩO(sh)I(lng)PPPģʽИOҪĬF(xin)rֵЇҲ_ʼJ(rn)R@ЩҪrֵPPPģʽЇİl(f)չṩһćߌֺ֧ͷɷҎ(gu)֧
Ҫ(ni)
һPPPһN͵ĿYģʽĿPPPYĿwYӣĿYһNF(xin)ʽҪ(j)ĿA(y)桢Ya(chn)ԼִʩȶĿͶY˻l(f)˵YŁYĿ(jng)Iֱͨ^D(zhun)Чǃ߀JYԴĿ˾Ya(chn)oZJİȫ
ڶPPPYģʽʹIYcĿУЧL(fng)U@ҲǬF(xin)ĿYģʽǷȱĹTcII(y)S(qun)f(xi)hA(ch)M(jn)ȫ̵ĺpͬĿ\еؓ(f)؟(z)PPPʽIJҎ(gu)tʹII(y)c܉ͨĿĴ_J(rn)O(sh)ӋͿоǰڹЁ@HII(y)ͶYL(fng)U܌II(y)ͶYO(sh)иЧʵĹcg(sh)ĿЁ߀Ч،F(xin)ĿO(sh)c\еĿĶڽĿO(sh)ͶYL(fng)U^õرχcII(y)档@sĿO(sh)Ŀ\ɱYa(chn)ؓ(f)ʶֵÿ϶ĬF(xin)x
PPPģʽһ̶ϱCIYɈD˽ITͶYĿ(bio)nj܉߀JͶY؈ĿoɈDĻA(ch)O(sh)ʩĿIYͶȡPPPģʽԽo˽ͶY(yng)߷a(b)ĶܺõؽQ@}綐Ճ(yu)J(dn)oII(y)ؾ(yu)_l(f)(qun)ȡͨ^ʩ@Щ߿IYͶY܉ͨĿķeO
PPPģʽڜppڽO(sh)ͶYؓ(f)(dn)L(fng)Uǰ߳܉ͨ(w)|(zh)PPPģʽTII(y)ͬc܉ͨĽO(sh)\III(y)ؓ(f)؟(z)ĿYпĿY(sh)M(jn)^ߵYa(chn)ؓ(f)Ҳܹ(ji)ʡͶY߀ԌĿһL(fng)UD(zhun)ƽoII(y)ĶppL(fng)UͬrpγɻLĿ(bio)õ؞ṩ(w)
Ŀ(bio)\
PPPģʽĿ(bio)ЃɷNһǵ͌ӴĿ(bio)ָضĿĶĿ(bio)ǸߌӴĿ(bio)
PPPģʽĽMʽdz(f)sȿܰ˽ˠII(y)˽˷ǠIԽMͬr߀ܰǠIԽM֮gɱؕa(chn)ͬӴ͵؟(z)εķֻc˽I(y)γęC(j)ʹúķģͬ殐ǰĿĿ(bio)PPPģʽęC(j)(gu)Ӵξһ픲Ŀڇ˽˲TcA(ch)O(sh)ʩO(sh)ĿP(gun)ߵƶ
ĿڇA(ch)O(sh)ʩO(sh)Ŀһ߿Ŀ(bio)͌ʩĿĽO(sh)\I^̵ącM(jn)ָ(do)ͼsвĿڇP(gun)C(j)(gu)ؓ(f)؟(z)ָ(do)M(jn)нጺ\γɾwĿĿ(bio)ĵײĿ˽˅cͨ^cĿڇP(gun)TһLڵąf(xi)hͬf(xi){(dio)C(j)(gu)Ŀ(bio)ĿڇĿ(bio)ĿڇP(gun)C(j)(gu)ľwĿ(bio)֮gP(gun)ϵMʹcĿM(jn)_(d)A(y)Ŀ(bio)@Nģʽһ@cĿڇٙC(j)(gu)cĿͶYߺͽ(jng)I֮gf(xi){(dio)ĿO(sh)аl(f)]PPPģʽһĿYnjĿYďص,njĿ^еĽMC(j)(gu)O(sh)һµģ͡AI(y)ͷAI(y)ijĿγԡpAAʽ,c_(d)cA(y)چΪЄȸĽY(ji)cmȻ]_(d),sF(xin)ˡиЧ(yng),DЧ@@ȻϹA(ch)O(sh)ʩO(sh)ּ
ʲôPPPYеͶYԸṩČԂ(w)ߜ(zhn)ɱY?
cɱYȣ(zhn)ɱYc:
һPPPYĿ˾ļtͨڇ(yn)ƣǿͨ^Մpٌ(zhn)ɱ@nj(w)Ϣ֧
ڶ(zhn)ɱYͶYO(sh)ӋĿķɽY(ji)(gu)ṩ^`ԣȣ(w)Ϣ֧Եֶ(zhn)ɱYă߀Բÿ]ĿĶ(w)Y(ji)(gu)ɱY߀tܵĿͶYY(ji)(gu)Ͷ(w)Y(ji)(gu)ķNN䷨ɳdz(f)s
^c
YxcϢϢP(gun)Ŀ
(jng)(j)W(xu)xJ(rn)ȫvx@ЩI(lng)ҪЈ̶^YM(jn)]к֮n@ӲȡЧ
ؔؓ(f)(dn)I(y)ͶYL(fng)Uƽ
xQκͶYĿL(fng)Uģ`Z@NL(fng)UʬF(xin)߰l(f)B(ti)@ҪcwδIȽ湲L(fng)U(dn)ȫ̺ĹͬwwϵI(y)֮ga(b)C(j)ʹؔؓ(f)(dn)ppwͶYL(fng)UpС
PPPĿ
^(q)Уl(f)չĸίP(gun)λ
؞䌍桷P(gun)ڡeOƏVYģʽl(f)]_l(f)ԽڡԽӹa(chn)ƷoеáIJҪ(j)(w)ԺI(lng)(do)P(gun)ЌcͶ\YC(j)ƷŴЧ(yng)ʾ2015310ՇҰl(f)չĸί_l(f)y(lin)ӡl(f)P(gun)M(jn)_l(f)Խ֧YP(gun)֪ͨl(f)]_l(f)ԽڷeOM(jn)PPPĿʩȹwҪ
֪ͨҪذl(f)չĸﲿTҪӏ(qing)f(xi){(dio)eOYI(y)II(y)I(y)طȸЈw`\ûͶYyJl(f)ЂȯȸڹM(jn)ƥɱm(dng)ԼԪɳm(x)PPPĿYϙC(j)Ҫӏ(qing)c_l(f)yеȽڙC(j)(gu)ĜͨrPPPĿϢf(xi){(dio)QĿYO(sh)дڵĆ}yYM(jn)(chung)l
ذl(f)ίĿͶYλ˽³B(ti)cĄĿI(lng)ߺģʽPPPͶYģʽڵcycYx(yu)YĿṩԃY(w)]PPPĿc\IɹЇͶYf(xi)ĿͶYίQekPPPĿϵӖ(xn)ӑӡ